Grand theft water and the calculus of compliance

Abstract

Water crises are amongst the biggest challenges facing humanity. Uncertain future supply, and growing demand, may lead to higher incidences of theft particularly by agricultural users who account for approximately 70% of global water use. However, research into water theft is underexplored in all disciplines. This paper provides a new conceptual framework designed to improve understanding of both individual and institutional barriers to water theft. The framework explores how effective detection, prosecution, conviction and penalties could be assessed. Three case studies are used to test the validity of our framework. Our findings suggest that while individuals and companies may be responsible for the act of theft, the phenomenon reflects a systematic failure of arrangements (political, legal, institutional, etc.). Additionally, when regulators fail to understand the value of water, inadequate penalties increase the risk of theft. Consistent with a view modelling approaches may offer adequate methods for analysis and insight, we invite others to test our framework and engage in a wider conversation about water theft.