“We have a very monolingual mindset”: Considerations of language in Culturally and Linguistically Diverse families living with Autism Spectrum Disorder.

Abstract

Developmental disorders such as Autism Spectrum disorder (ASD) pose challenges for many families. This is especially true for families of culturally and linguistically diverse (CALD) backgrounds who are newly arrived in a country of resettlement. The literature, though limited, suggests that language barriers and cultural differences present significant obstacles in the ASD process. As such, this qualitative study aimed to explore what barriers or facilitators exist for newly arrived CALD families, paying specific attention to language. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 12 participants, all healthcare service providers with specific experience working with ASD diagnosed clients and their families. All interviews were transcribed, then analysed using thematic analysis. Analysis returned four overarching themes that best explored the aims of this study. Overall, findings suggested that there were significant cultural differences regarding ASD, that language affected every stage of ASD diagnosis and working with CALD children, as did resettlement challenges. Empowerment of families and cultural responsivity of services were cited as important facilitators for best practice. This study hopes to expand research and improve practice so service providers will better accommodate linguistic barriers, and practically acknowledge the cross-cultural disparities of ASD.