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https://hdl.handle.net/2440/34812
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Type: | Book chapter |
Title: | Phosphorylation of the Protein Phosphatase Type 1 Inhibitor Protein CPI-17 by Protein Kinase C |
Author: | Walsh, M. Susnjar, M. Deng, J. Sutherland, C. Kiss, E. Wilson, D. |
Citation: | Protein Phosphatase Protocols, 2007 / Greg Moorhead, (ed./s), vol.365, pp.209-224 |
Publisher: | Humana Press |
Publisher Place: | Totowa, NJ |
Issue Date: | 2007 |
Series/Report no.: | Methods in Molecular Biology ; 367 |
ISBN: | 158829711X 9781588297112 |
Editor: | Greg Moorhead, |
Statement of Responsibility: | Michael P. Walsh, Marija Susnjar, Jingti Deng, Cindy Sutherland, Enikö Kiss, and Divid P. Wilson |
Abstract: | CPI-17 is a cytosolic protein of 17 kDa that becomes a potent inhibitor of certain type 1 protein serine/threonine phosphatases, including smooth muscle myosin light-chain phosphatase (MLCP), when phosphorylated at Thr38. Several protein kinases are capable of phosphorylating CPI-17 at this site in vitro; however, in intact tissue, compelling evidence only exists for phosphorylation by protein kinase C (PKC). Agonist-induced activation of heterotrimeric G proteins of the Gq/11 family via seven-transmembrane domain-containing, G protein-coupled receptors results in phospholipase Cbeta-mediated hydrolysis of membrane phosphatidylinositol 4,5-bisphosphate to generate inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) and 1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG). IP3 triggers Ca2+ release from the sarcoplasmic reticulum. DAG and Ca2+ together activate classical isoforms of PKC, and DAG activates novel PKC isoforms without a requirement for Ca2+. Activated PKC phosphorylates CPI-17 at Thr38, enhancing its potency of inhibition of MLCP approx 1000-fold. The myosin light-chain kinase (MLCK):MLCP activity ratio is thereby increased at the prevailing cytosolic free-Ca2+ concentration ([Ca2+]i), resulting in an increase in phosphorylation of the 20-kDa light chains of myosin II (LC20) catalyzed by Ca2+- and calmodulin-dependent MLCK and contraction of the smooth muscle. Physiologically, this mechanism can account for some instances of Ca2+ sensitization of smooth muscle contraction (i.e., an increase in force in response to agonist stimulation without a change in [Ca2+]i). |
Keywords: | Animals Swine Calcium Myosin-Light-Chain Phosphatase Myosin-Light-Chain Kinase Protein Kinase C Phosphoproteins Phosphorylation Phosphoprotein Phosphatases |
Description: | © 2007 Humana Press |
DOI: | 10.1385/1-59745-267-X:209 |
Published version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1385/1-59745-267-x:209 |
Appears in Collections: | Aurora harvest 6 Molecular and Biomedical Science publications |
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