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https://hdl.handle.net/2440/53414
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Type: | Journal article |
Title: | Orbital tuberculosis: A review of the literature |
Author: | Madge, S. Prabhakaran, V. Shome, D. Kim, U. Honavar, S. Selva-Nayagam, D. |
Citation: | Orbit: the international journal on orbital disorders, oculoplastic and lacrimal surgery, 2008; 27(4):267-277 |
Publisher: | Taylor & Francis The Netherlands |
Issue Date: | 2008 |
ISSN: | 0167-6830 1744-5108 |
Statement of Responsibility: | Simon N. Madge, Venkatesh C. Prabhakaran, Debraj Shome, Usha Kim, Santosh Honavar and Dinesh Selva |
Abstract: | Purpose: To provide an up-to-date review of the clinical presentations, investigations, and management of orbital tuberculosis (OTB). Methods: Systematic review of the literature concerning OTB, limiting the results to English-language peer-reviewed journals. Results: Seventy-nine patients from 39 publications were identified as cases of OTB. The condition presents in one of five forms: classical periostitis; orbital soft tissue tuberculoma or cold abscess, with no bony involvement; OTB with bony involvement; spread from the paranasal sinuses; and tuberculous dacryoadenitis. The ocular adnexa, including the nasolacrimal system and overlying skin, may also be involved. Conclusions: Diagnosis can be difficult and may necessitate an orbital biopsy, in which acid-fast bacilli (AFB) and characteristic histopathology may be seen. Growth of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (mTB) from such a specimen remains the gold standard for diagnosis. Ancillary investigations include tuberculin skin tests and chest radiography, but more recently alternatives such as whole blood interferon-γ immunological tests and PCR-based tests of pathological specimens have proven useful. The management of OTB is complex, requiring a stringent public health strategy and high levels of patient adherence, combined with long courses of multiple anti-tuberculous medications. The interaction of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) with TB may further complicate management. |
Keywords: | Orbit tuberculosis TB mycobacteria |
DOI: | 10.1080/01676830802225152 |
Published version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01676830802225152 |
Appears in Collections: | Aurora harvest Opthalmology & Visual Sciences publications |
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