Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://hdl.handle.net/2440/70947
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Type: | Journal article |
Title: | Sclerostin stimulates osteocyte support of osteoclast activity by a RANKL-dependent pathway |
Author: | Wijenayaka, A. Kogawa, M. Lim, H. Bonewald, L. Findlay, D. Atkins, G. |
Citation: | PLoS One, 2011; 6(10):e25900-1-e25900-9 |
Publisher: | Public Library of Science |
Issue Date: | 2011 |
ISSN: | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
Editor: | Carvalho, D.P.D. |
Statement of Responsibility: | Asiri R. Wijenayaka, Masakazu Kogawa, Hui Peng Lim, Lynda F. Bonewald, David M. Findlay and Gerald J. Atkins |
Abstract: | Sclerostin is a product of mature osteocytes embedded in mineralised bone and is a negative regulator of bone mass and osteoblast differentiation. While evidence suggests that sclerostin has an anti-anabolic role, the possibility also exists that sclerostin has catabolic activity. To test this we treated human primary pre-osteocyte cultures, cells we have found are exquisitely sensitive to sclerostin, or mouse osteocyte-like MLO-Y4 cells, with recombinant human sclerostin (rhSCL) and measured effects on pro-catabolic gene expression. Sclerostin dose-dependently up-regulated the expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa B (RANKL) mRNA and down-regulated that of osteoprotegerin (OPG) mRNA, causing an increase in the RANKL:OPG mRNA ratio. To examine the effects of rhSCL on resulting osteoclastic activity, MLO-Y4 cells plated onto a bone-like substrate were primed with rhSCL for 3 days and then either mouse splenocytes or human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were added. This resulted in cultures with elevated osteoclastic resorption (approximately 7-fold) compared to untreated co-cultures. The increased resorption was abolished by co-addition of recombinant OPG. In co-cultures of MLO-Y4 cells with PBMC, SCL also increased the number and size of the TRAP-positive multinucleated cells formed. Importantly, rhSCL had no effect on TRAP-positive cell formation from monocultures of either splenocytes or PBMC. Further, rhSCL did not induce apoptosis of MLO-Y4 cells, as determined by caspase activity assays, demonstrating that the osteoclastic response was not driven by dying osteocytes. Together, these results suggest that sclerostin may have a catabolic action through promotion of osteoclast formation and activity by osteocytes, in a RANKL-dependent manner. |
Keywords: | Cells, Cultured Osteoclasts Osteoblasts Osteocytes Animals Humans Mice Acid Phosphatase Isoenzymes Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing Bone Morphogenetic Proteins Recombinant Proteins Genetic Markers Signal Transduction Apoptosis Cell Differentiation Cell Survival Gene Expression Regulation Calcification, Physiologic Osteogenesis Adult RANK Ligand Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase |
Description: | Extent: 9p. |
Rights: | Copyright: © 2011 Wijenayaka et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0025900 |
Published version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0025900 |
Appears in Collections: | Aurora harvest Orthopaedics and Trauma publications |
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hdl_70947.pdf | Published version | 874.77 kB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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