Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://hdl.handle.net/2440/74108
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Type: | Journal article |
Title: | Hypoxic induction of the regulator of G-protein signalling 4 gene is mediated by the hypoxia-inducible factor pathway |
Author: | Olechnowicz, S. Fedele, A. Peet, D. |
Citation: | PLoS One, 2012; 7(9):1-12 |
Publisher: | Public Library of Science |
Issue Date: | 2012 |
ISSN: | 1932-6203 1932-6203 |
Editor: | Datta, K. |
Statement of Responsibility: | Sam W.Z. Olechnowicz, Anthony O. Fedele and Daniel J. Peet |
Abstract: | The transcriptional response to hypoxia is largely dependent on the Hypoxia Inducible Factors (HIF-1 and HIF-2) in mammalian cells. Many target genes have been characterised for these heterodimeric transcription factors, yet there is evidence that the full range of HIF-regulated genes has not yet been described. We constructed a TetON overexpression system in the rat pheochromocytoma PC-12 cell line to search for novel HIF and hypoxia responsive genes. The Rgs4 gene encodes the Regulator of G-Protein Signalling 4 (RGS4) protein, an inhibitor of signalling from G-protein coupled receptors, and dysregulation of Rgs4 is linked to disease states such as schizophrenia and cardiomyopathy. Rgs4 was found to be responsive to HIF-2a overexpression, hypoxic treatment, and hypoxia mimetic drugs in PC-12 cells. Similar responses were observed in human neuroblastoma cell lines SK-N-SH and SK-N-BE(2)C, but not in endothelial cells, where Rgs4 transcript is readily detected but does not respond to hypoxia. Furthermore, this regulation was found to be dependent on transcription, and occurs in a manner consistent with direct HIF transactivation of Rgs4 transcription. However, no HIF binding site was detectable within 32 kb of the human Rgs4 gene locus, leading to the possibility of regulation by longdistance genomic interactions. Further research into Rgs4 regulation by hypoxia and HIF may result in better understanding of disease states such as schizophrenia, and also shed light on the other roles of HIF yet to be discovered. |
Keywords: | PC12 Cells Animals Rats Dactinomycin RGS Proteins RNA, Small Interfering DNA Primers Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis Gene Expression Profiling Polymerase Chain Reaction Base Sequence Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Transcription Factors Hypoxia |
Rights: | © 2012 Olechnowicz et al. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. |
DOI: | 10.1371/journal.pone.0044564 |
Published version: | http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0044564 |
Appears in Collections: | Aurora harvest 4 Molecular and Biomedical Science publications |
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