Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item:
https://hdl.handle.net/2440/75773
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DC Field | Value | Language |
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dc.contributor.author | Zhang, J. | - |
dc.contributor.author | Grieger, J. | - |
dc.contributor.author | Kris-Etherton, P. | - |
dc.contributor.author | Thompson, J. | - |
dc.contributor.author | Gillies, P. | - |
dc.contributor.author | Fleming, J. | - |
dc.contributor.author | Vanden Heuvel, J. | - |
dc.date.issued | 2011 | - |
dc.identifier.citation | Nutrition and Metabolism, 2011; 8(61):1-13 | - |
dc.identifier.issn | 1743-7075 | - |
dc.identifier.issn | 1743-7075 | - |
dc.identifier.uri | http://hdl.handle.net/2440/75773 | - |
dc.description | Extent: 13p. | - |
dc.description.abstract | Background: Walnuts significantly decrease total and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol in normo- and hypercholesterolemic individuals. No study to date has evaluated the effects of walnuts on cholesterol efflux, the initial step in reverse cholesterol transport, in macrophage-derived foam cells (MDFC). The present study was conducted to investigate the mechanisms by which walnut oil affects cholesterol efflux. Methods: The extract of English walnuts (walnut oil) was dissolved in DMSO and applied to cultured THP-1 MDFC cells (0.5 mg/mL). THP-1 MDFC also were treated with human sera (10%, v:v) taken from subjects in a walnut feeding study. Cholesterol efflux was examined by liquid scintillation counting. Changes in gene expression were quantified by real time PCR. Results: Walnut oil treatment significantly increased cholesterol efflux through decreasing the expression of the lipogenic enzyme stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 (SCD1) in MDFC. Alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), the major n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids found in walnuts, recaptured SCD1 reduction in MDFC, a mechanism mediated through activation of nuclear receptor farnesoid-X-receptor (FXR). Postprandial serum treatment also increased cholesterol efflux in MDFC. When categorized by baseline C-reactive protein (CRP; cut point of 2 mg/L), subjects in the lower CRP sub-group benefited more from dietary intervention, including a more increase in cholesterol efflux, a greater reduction in SCD1, and a blunted postprandial lipemia. Conclusion: In conclusion, walnut oil contains bioactive molecules that significantly improve cholesterol efflux in MDFC. However, the beneficial effects of walnut intake may be reduced by the presence of a pro-inflammatory state. | - |
dc.description.statementofresponsibility | Jun Zhang, Jessica A Grieger, Penny M Kris-Etherton, Jerry T Thompson, Peter J Gillies, Jennifer A Fleming and John P Vanden Heuvel | - |
dc.language.iso | en | - |
dc.publisher | BioMed Central Ltd. | - |
dc.rights | © 2011 Zhang et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd.This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/2.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. | - |
dc.source.uri | http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1743-7075-8-61 | - |
dc.subject | cholesterol efflux | - |
dc.subject | CRP | - |
dc.subject | FXR | - |
dc.subject | SCD1 | - |
dc.subject | walnut oil | - |
dc.title | Walnut oil increases cholesterol efflux through inhibition of stearoyl CoA desaturase 1 in THP-1 macrophage-derived foam cells | - |
dc.type | Journal article | - |
dc.identifier.doi | 10.1186/1743-7075-8-61 | - |
pubs.publication-status | Published | - |
dc.identifier.orcid | Grieger, J. [0000-0003-1515-948X] | - |
Appears in Collections: | Aurora harvest Molecular and Biomedical Science publications |
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File | Description | Size | Format | |
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hdl_75773.pdf | Published version | 1.93 MB | Adobe PDF | View/Open |
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